Future Perfect
Definition
The Future Perfect Tense describes actions that will have been completed before a certain point in the future. It shows that one action will be finished before another future time or event.
Formula: Subject + will have + Past Participle (V3) + Object
Tip: The Future Perfect Tense is often used with time expressions that show a deadline or completion point, such as by tomorrow, by next year, or before 8 p.m.
Uses of Future Perfect Tense
| # | Use | Description | Examples |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Completed action before a specific future time | To express that something will finish before another future moment. | I will have finished my work by 6 p.m. She will have left before you arrive. |
| 2 | Showing cause and effect in the future | Used when a future action will be the result of another future event. | He will have gained weight because he will not have exercised. They will have reached home if the bus is on time. |
| 3 | Talking about assumptions | Used to make assumptions about something that will be completed. | You will have heard the news by now. She will have completed the project by next week. |
Sentence Structures
Positive Structure
Subject + will have + Past Participle (V3) + Object
1) She will have completed her homework.
2) I will have finished my meal.
3) They will have reached the station.
Negative Structure
Subject + will not (won’t) have + Past Participle (V3) + Object
1) She won’t have completed her homework.
2) I won’t have finished my meal.
3) They won’t have reached the station.
Interrogative Structure
Will + Subject + have + Past Participle (V3) + Object?
1) Will she have completed her homework?
2) Will you have finished your meal?
3) Will they have reached the station?
Negative Interrogative Structure
Won’t + Subject + have + Past Participle (V3) + Object?
1) Won’t she have completed her homework?
2) Won’t you have finished your meal?
3) Won’t they have reached the station?
Common Signal Words
Here are some signal words often used with the Future Perfect Tense:
- by tomorrow
- by next week / by next month
- before
- in two days
- by then
Examples in Context
- 1) I will have completed my assignment by tomorrow. (Positive)
- 2) She won’t have finished the project by next week. (Negative)
- 3) Will you have cleaned your room before evening? (Interrogative)
- 4) Won’t they have reached the station by 9 p.m.? (Negative Interrogative)
- 5) We will have eaten dinner by the time you arrive. (Positive)
- 6) I won’t have submitted the report before noon. (Negative)
- 7) Will she have finished her book by next Monday? (Interrogative)
- 8) Won’t he have cooked dinner before 8 o’clock? (Negative Interrogative)
- 9) They will have built the house by next year. (Positive)
- 10) She won’t have washed the clothes by then. (Negative)
- 11) Will you have learned English by the end of this course? (Interrogative)
- 12) Won’t they have completed the task before Friday? (Negative Interrogative)
- 13) He will have repaired the car by tomorrow morning. (Positive)
- 14) I won’t have arrived home before midnight. (Negative)
- 15) Will she have joined the class by 10 a.m.? (Interrogative)